DBMS Tutorial – Database Management System Last Updated : 25 Jan, 2024 Database Management System is a software or technology used to manage data from a database. Some popular databases are MySQL, Oracle, MongoDB, etc. DBMS provides many operations e.g. creating a database, Storing in the database, updating an existing database, delete from the database. DBMS is a system that enables you to store, modify and retrieve data in an organized way. It also provides security to the database. In this Database Management System tutorial you’ll learn basic to advanced topics like ER model, Relational Model, Relation Algebra, Normalization, File Organization, etc. ‘Recent Articles’ on DBMS ! Introduction Entity Relationship Model Relational Model Relational Algebra Functional Dependencies Normalisation Transactions and Concurrency Control Indexing, B and B+ trees File Organization Advanced Topics SQL Quick Links Introduction : DBMS Introduction | Set 1 DBMS Introduction | Set 2 (3-Tier Architecture) DBMS Architecture 2-level 3-level Need For DBMS Data Abstraction and Data Independence Database Objects Multimedia Database Interfaces Categories of End Users Use of DBMS in System Software Choice of DBMS | Economic factors Disadvantages of DBMS Entity Relationship Model : ER Model Enhanced ER Model Minimization of ER Diagram ER Model: Generalization, Specialization and Aggregation Recursive Relationships Impedance Mismatch Relational Model : Relational Model and CODD Rules Relational Model Keys in Relational Model (Candidate, Super, Primary, Alternate and Foreign) Number of possible Superkeys Anomalies in Relational Model Mapping from ER Model to Relational Model Strategies for Schema design Schema Integration Star Schema in Data Warehouse modeling Data Warehouse Modeling | Snowflake Schema Dimensional Data Modeling >> Quiz on ER and Relational Model Relational Algebra : Introduction Basic Operators Extended Operators Inner Join vs Outer Join Join operation Vs nested query DBMS | Tupple Relational Calculus Row oriented vs. column oriented data stores How to solve Relational Algebra Problems for GATE How to Solve Relational Algebra Problems for GATE Functional Dependencies : Functional Dependency and Attribute Closure Finding Attribute Closure and Candidate Keys using Functional Dependencies Armstrong’s Axioms in Functional Dependency Equivalence of Functional Dependencies Canonical Cover Normalisation : Introduction Normal Forms Minimum relations satisfying 1NF The Problem of redundancy in Database Dependency Preserving Decomposition Lossless Join Decomposition LossLess Join and Dependency Preserving Decomposition How to find the Highest Normal Form of a Relation Domain Key normal form Introduction of 4th and 5th Normal form Denormalization in Databases DBMS | Data Replication >> Quiz on Normal Forms Transactions and Concurrency Control : Introduction ACID Properties Concurrency Control -Introduction Implementation of Locking in DBMS Concurrency Control Protocols – Lock Based Protocol Concurrency Control Protocol | Graph Based Protocol Concurrency Control Protocol | Two Phase Locking (2-PL)-I Concurrency Control Protocol | Two Phase Locking (2-PL)-II Concurrency Control Protocol | Two Phase Locking (2-PL)-III Concurrency Control Protocol | Multiple Granularity Locking Concurrency Control Protocol | Thomas Write Rule Concurrency Control | Polygraph to check View Serializabilty DBMS | Log based recovery Timestamp Ordering Protocols Introduction to TimeStamp and Deadlock Prevention Schemes Dirty read in SQL Types of Schedules Conflict Serializability View Serializability How to test if two schedules are View Equal or not ? Recoverability of Schedules Precedence Graph for testing Conflict Serializabilty Transaction Isolation Levels in DBMS Database Recovery Techniques Starvation in DBMS Deadlock in DBMS DBMS | OLAP vs OLTP Types of OLAP Systems DBMS | Types of Recoverability of Schedules and easiest way to test schedule | Set 2 Web Information Retrieval | Vector Space Model Why recovery is needed? >> Quiz on Transactions and concurrency control Indexing, B and B+ trees : Indexing and its Types B-Tree | Set 1 (Introduction) B-Tree | Set 2 (Insert) B-Tree | Set 3 (Delete) B+ Tree (Introduction) Bitmap Indexing Inverted Index Difference between Inverted Index and Forward Index SQL queries on clustered and non-clustered Indexes >> Practice questions on B and B+ Trees >> Quizzes on Indexing, B and B+ Trees File Organization: File Organization – Set 1 File Organization – Set 2 (Hashing in DBMS) File Organization – Set 3 File Organization – Set 4 >> Quiz on File structures Advanced Topics : RAID Query Optimization How to store a password in database? Storage Area Networks Network attached storage Data Warehousing Data Warehouse Architecture Characteristics and Functions of Data warehouse Difficulties of Implementing Data Warehouses Data Mining Data Mining | KDD process Data Mining | Sources of Data that can be mined Data Marts ODBMS – Definition and overview Architecture of HBase Apache HBase Architecture and Working of Hive Apache Hive Difference between Hive and HBase Difference between RDBMS and HBase Challenges of database security Federated database management system issues Distributed Database System Functions of Distributed Database System Semantic Heterogeneity Advantages of Distributed database Comparison – Centralized, Decentralized and Distributed Systems Characteristics of Biological Data (Genome Data Management) Data Management issues in Mobile database Future Works in Geographic Information System Difference between Structured, Semi-structured and Unstructured data SQL Tutorial SQL | Tutorials Quiz on SQL DBMS practices questions : Database Management Systems | Set 1 Database Management Systems | Set 2 Database Management Systems | Set 3 Database Management Systems | Set 4 Database Management Systems | Set 5 Database Management Systems | Set 6 Database Management Systems | Set 7 Database Management Systems | Set 8 Database Management Systems | Set 9 Database Management Systems | Set 10 Database Management Systems | Set 11 Advantages of DBMS There are some following reasons to learn DBMS: Organizing and management of data: DBMS helps in managing large amounts of data in an organized manner. It provides features like create, edit, delete, and read. Data Security: DBMS provides Security to the data from the unauthorized person. Improved decision-making: From stored data in the database we can generate graphs, reports, and many visualizations which helps in decision-making. Consistency: In a traditional database model all things are manual or inconsistent, but DBMS enables to automation of the operations by queries. FAQs on Database Management System(DBMS) Q.1 What is Database? Answer: A database is a collection of organized data which can easily be created, updated, accessed, and managed. Records are kept maintained in tables or objects. A tuple (row) represents a single entry in a table. DBMS manipulates data from the database in the form of queries given by the user. Q.2 What are different languages present in DBMS? Answer: DDL (Data Definition Language): These are the collection of commands which are required to define the database. E.g., CREATE, ALTER, RENAME, TRUNCATE, DROP, etc. DML (Data Manipulation Language): These are the collection of commands which are required to manipulate the data stored in a database. E.g., SELECT, UPDATE, INSERT, DELETE, etc. DCL (Data Control Language): These are the collection of commands which are dealt with the user permissions and controls of the database system. E.g, GRANT, and REVOKE. TCL (Transaction Control Language): These are the collection of commands which are required to deal with the transaction of the database. E.g., COMMIT, ROLLBACK, and SAVEPOINT. Q.3 What are the ACID properties in DBMS? Answer: The full form of ACID is Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability these are the properties of DBMS that ensure a safe and secure way of sharing data among multiple users. A – Atomic: All changes to the data must be performed successfully or not at all. C – Consistent: Data must be in a consistent state before and after the transaction. I – Isolated: No other process can change the data while the transaction is going on. D – Durable: The changes made by a transaction must persist. Q.4 What are the Advantages of DBMS? Answer: The followings are the few advantages of DBMS : Data Sharing: Data from the same database can be shared by multiple users at the same time. Integrity: It allows the data stored in an organized and refined manner. Data Independence: It allows changing the data structure without changing the composition of executing programs. Data Security: DBMS comes with the tools to make the storage and transfer of databases secure and reliable. Authentication and encryption are the tools used in DBMS for data security. Quick Links : Last Minutes Notes(LMNs) on DBMS Quizzes on DBMS ! ‘Practice Problems’ on DBMS ! DBMS interview questions | Set 1 DBMS interview questions | Set 2 Please write comments if you find anything incorrect, or you want to share more information about the topic discussed above. 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